Stem Cells, Brain Organoids & Neurodevelopmental Disorders - The Park Lab at Yale School of Medicine

Transcript

• 00:05Full brain is one of
• 00:06the most developed brain region.
• 00:08It regulate and control the
• 00:11high human function like
• 00:14decision making and cognition.
• 00:16So it's very important and
• 00:18also
• 00:19the abnormal function in the
• 00:21forebrain is associated with neuropsychiatric
• 00:24neurodevelopment disorder. So that's the
• 00:26reason is the main kind
• 00:28of focus of our research.
• 00:32The major research
• 00:34project in my lab is
• 00:36to study human brain development
• 00:38and disorders.
• 00:39So we use a human
• 00:41brain organoid as a major
• 00:42model system to study those.
• 00:48We start with the human
• 00:49pluripotent stem cell, like embryonic
• 00:52stem cell and iPS cells.
• 00:53So we use a growth
• 00:55factors and small molecules and
• 00:58specialized medium to differentiate this
• 00:59stem cell into
• 01:12the the orbital shaker
• 01:14that continuously
• 01:15move this organoid that have
• 01:17the delivery of a nutrient
• 01:19and oxygen into the organoid
• 01:21for them to grow in
• 01:22three d structure.
• 01:24We start with the immuno
• 01:26staining to look at the
• 01:27structure,
• 01:28and we perform the single
• 01:29cell RNA seq and single
• 01:31cell special transcriptome to look
• 01:33at the development of program
• 01:35of the brain organoid.
• 01:36And of course, to confirm
• 01:38the neuron is really the
• 01:40function of the neuron, which
• 01:41is, due to physiological
• 01:43approach such as calcium imaging
• 01:45or the MEA
• 01:47or patch clamp.
• 01:51So my background actually look
• 01:53from the stem cell. And
• 01:55from the beginning, like, twenty,
• 01:56twenty five years ago when
• 01:57I studied stem cell, especially
• 01:59pluripotent stem cell, it was
• 02:01fascinating me that they can
• 02:03differentiate into
• 02:04any cell type in our
• 02:06body including neuron.
• 02:08And now we can construct
• 02:10the human brain in
• 02:11vitro.
• 02:13And I hope that in
• 02:14future,
• 02:15we could develop some kind
• 02:16of a therapeutics
• 02:18in using this brain organoid
• 02:20as a platform to help
• 02:22the people with a brain
• 02:23disorder.